1/2" Bolt or dowelSingle Shear, Northern lumber

Selection Tables

	1/2″ Bolt or dowel Single Shear, Northern lumber
Wood Member	Fastener
Thickness (mm)	Depth (mm)	No. of rows		No. of fasteners in a row
2	3

Side, t₁	Main, t₂	Side, d₁	Main, d₂	51	76	102	127	152	51	76	102	127	152
38	38	89	89	1	0	2.74(R)	4.11(R)	4.72(f)	4.72(f)	4.72(f)	4.11(R)	6.17(R)	7.08(f)	7.08(f)	7.08(f)
38	38	140	140	2	38	5.23(G)	6.60(G)	7.97(G)	9.34(G)	9.44(f)	6.60(G)	8.66(G)	10.7(G)	12.8(G)	14.2(f)
38	38	140	140	2	64	5.48(R)	8.22(R)	9.44(f)	9.44(f)	9.44(f)	8.22(R)	11.4(G)	13.4(G)	14.2(f)	14.2(f)
38	38	184	184	2	89	5.48(R)	8.22(R)	9.44(f)	9.44(f)	9.44(f)	8.22(R)	12.3(R)	14.2(f)	14.2(f)	14.2(f)
38	38	184	184	3	38	7.72(G)	9.09(G)	10.5(G)	11.8(G)	13.2(G)	9.09(G)	11.1(G)	13.2(G)	15.3(G)	17.3(G)
38	38	235	235	3	64	8.22(R)	12.3(R)	14.2(f)	14.2(f)	14.2(f)	12.3(R)	16.6(G)	18.6(G)	20.7(G)	21.2(f)
38	38	286	286	3	89	8.22(R)	12.3(R)	14.2(f)	14.2(f)	14.2(f)	12.3(R)	18.5(R)	21.2(f)	21.2(f)	21.2(f)
38	89	89	89	1	0	2.74(R)	4.11(R)	5.48(R)	6.85(R)	7.49(d)	4.11(R)	6.17(R)	8.22(R)	10.3(R)	11.2(d)
38	89	140	140	2	38	5.23(G)	6.60(G)	7.97(G)	9.34(G)	10.7(G)	6.60(G)	8.66(G)	10.7(G)	12.8(G)	14.8(G)
38	89	140	140	2	64	5.48(R)	8.22(R)	10.7(G)	12.0(G)	13.4(G)	8.22(R)	11.4(G)	13.4(G)	15.5(G)	17.5(G)
38	89	184	184	2	89	5.48(R)	8.22(R)	11.0(R)	13.7(R)	15.0(d)	8.22(R)	12.3(R)	16.1(G)	18.2(G)	20.2(G)
38	89	184	184	3	38	7.72(G)	9.09(G)	10.5(G)	11.8(G)	13.2(G)	9.09(G)	11.1(G)	13.2(G)	15.3(G)	17.3(G)
38	89	235	235	3	64	8.22(R)	12.3(R)	15.9(G)	17.2(G)	18.6(G)	12.3(R)	16.6(G)	18.6(G)	20.7(G)	22.7(G)
38	89	286	286	3	89	8.22(R)	12.3(R)	16.4(R)	20.6(R)	22.5(d)	12.3(R)	18.5(R)	24.0(G)	26.1(G)	28.1(G)
38	140	140	140	1	0	2.74(R)	4.11(R)	5.48(R)	6.85(R)	7.49(d)	4.11(R)	6.17(R)	8.22(R)	10.3(R)	11.2(d)
38	140	140	140	2	38	5.23(G)	6.60(G)	7.97(G)	9.34(G)	10.7(G)	6.60(G)	8.66(G)	10.7(G)	12.8(G)	14.8(G)
38	140	140	140	2	64	5.48(R)	8.22(R)	10.7(G)	12.0(G)	13.4(G)	8.22(R)	11.4(G)	13.4(G)	15.5(G)	17.5(G)
38	140	184	191	2	89	5.48(R)	8.22(R)	11.0(R)	13.7(R)	15.0(d)	8.22(R)	12.3(R)	16.1(G)	18.2(G)	20.2(G)
38	140	184	191	3	38	7.72(G)	9.09(G)	10.5(G)	11.8(G)	13.2(G)	9.09(G)	11.1(G)	13.2(G)	15.3(G)	17.3(G)
38	140	235	241	3	64	8.22(R)	12.3(R)	15.9(G)	17.2(G)	18.6(G)	12.3(R)	16.6(G)	18.6(G)	20.7(G)	22.7(G)
38	140	286	292	3	89	8.22(R)	12.3(R)	16.4(R)	20.6(R)	22.5(d)	12.3(R)	18.5(R)	24.0(G)	26.1(G)	28.1(G)
89	89	89	89	1	0	6.42(R)	9.63(R)	10.3(g)	10.3(g)	10.3(g)	9.63(R)	14.4(R)	15.4(g)	15.4(g)	15.4(g)
89	89	140	140	2	38	12.2(G)	15.5(G)	18.7(G)	20.5(g)	20.5(g)	15.5(G)	20.3(G)	25.1(G)	29.9(G)	30.8(g)
89	89	140	140	2	64	12.8(R)	19.3(R)	20.5(g)	20.5(g)	20.5(g)	19.3(R)	26.6(G)	30.8(g)	30.8(g)	30.8(g)
89	89	184	184	2	89	12.8(R)	19.3(R)	20.5(g)	20.5(g)	20.5(g)	19.3(R)	28.9(R)	30.8(g)	30.8(g)	30.8(g)
89	89	184	184	3	38	18.1(G)	21.3(G)	24.5(G)	27.7(G)	30.8(g)	21.3(G)	26.1(G)	30.9(G)	35.7(G)	40.5(G)
89	89	235	235	3	64	19.3(R)	28.9(R)	30.8(g)	30.8(g)	30.8(g)	28.9(R)	38.8(G)	43.6(G)	46.1(g)	46.1(g)
89	89	286	286	3	89	19.3(R)	28.9(R)	30.8(g)	30.8(g)	30.8(g)	28.9(R)	43.3(R)	46.1(g)	46.1(g)	46.1(g)
89	140	140	140	1	0	6.42(R)	9.63(R)	10.3(g)	10.3(g)	10.3(g)	9.63(R)	14.4(R)	15.4(g)	15.4(g)	15.4(g)
89	140	140	140	2	38	12.2(G)	15.5(G)	18.7(G)	20.5(g)	20.5(g)	15.5(G)	20.3(G)	25.1(G)	29.9(G)	30.8(g)
89	140	140	140	2	64	12.8(R)	19.3(R)	20.5(g)	20.5(g)	20.5(g)	19.3(R)	26.6(G)	30.8(g)	30.8(g)	30.8(g)
89	140	184	191	2	89	12.8(R)	19.3(R)	20.5(g)	20.5(g)	20.5(g)	19.3(R)	28.9(R)	30.8(g)	30.8(g)	30.8(g)
89	140	184	191	3	38	18.1(G)	21.3(G)	24.5(G)	27.7(G)	30.8(g)	21.3(G)	26.1(G)	30.9(G)	35.7(G)	40.5(G)
89	140	235	241	3	64	19.3(R)	28.9(R)	30.8(g)	30.8(g)	30.8(g)	28.9(R)	38.5(G)	43.6(G)	46.1(g)	46.1(g)
89	140	286	292	3	89	19.3(R)	28.9(R)	30.8(g)	30.8(g)	30.8(g)	28.9(R)	43.3(R)	46.1(g)	46.1(g)	46.1(g)
89	191	140	140	1	0	6.42(R)	9.63(R)	10.3(g)	10.3(g)	10.3(g)	9.63(R)	14.4(R)	15.4(g)	15.4(g)	15.4(g)
89	191	140	140	2	38	12.2(G)	15.5(G)	18.7(G)	20.5(g)	20.5(g)	15.5(G)	20.3(G)	25.1(G)	29.9(G)	30.8(g)
89	191	140	140	2	64	12.8(R)	19.3(R)	20.5(g)	20.5(g)	20.5(g)	19.3(R)	26.6(G)	30.8(g)	30.8(g)	30.8(g)
89	191	184	191	2	89	12.8(R)	19.3(R)	20.5(g)	20.5(g)	20.5(g)	19.3(R)	28.9(R)	30.8(g)	30.8(g)	30.8(g)
89	191	184	191	3	38	18.1(G)	21.3(G)	24.5(G)	27.7(G)	30.8(g)	21.3(G)	26.1(G)	30.9(G)	35.7(G)	40.5(G)
89	191	235	241	3	64	19.3(R)	28.9(R)	30.8(g)	30.8(g)	30.8(g)	28.9(R)	38.8(G)	43.6(G)	46.1(g)	46.1(g)
89	191	286	292	3	89	19.3(R)	28.9(R)	30.8(g)	30.8(g)	30.8(g)	28.9(R)	43.3(R)	46.1(g)	46.1(g)	46.1(g)

Notes: The tabulated values are the minimum of yielding, row shear, group tear-out and net tension resistances, and are applicable to tension members. For compression members, the values are conservative when the governing failure mode is indicated as group tear-out or net tension since the resistance is based on yielding and row shear only. The governing failure mode for each connection configuration is denoted either by lowercase letter (a)-(g), indicating the specific yielding failure mode as per O86 Clause 12.4.4.3.2, or by uppercase letter (R), (G) or (T), indicating failure due to row shear, group tear-out or net tension, respectively. The minimum loaded end distance, a_L, is the maximum of 50 mm and 5 times the fastener diameter (O86 Clause 12.4.3.1). For the calculation of group tear-out and net tension resistances, the fastener hole diameter is assumed to be 2 mm larger than the fastener diameter. The connection resistance P'_r is required to be adjusted to end-use conditions using modification factors depending on the governing failure mode as follows: P_r = P'_r (K_D K_SF K_T) for yielding failure mode (a), (b) or (f), P_r = P'_r (K_Dy K_SF K_T) for yielding failure mode (d), (e) or (g), P_r = P'_r (K_D K_Sv K_T) for row shear, P_r = P'_r (K_D K_St K_T) for group tear-out or net tension. Modification factors are provided in Section 7.4 of the Wood Design Manual 2020. For untreated wood members under standard-term loading and dry service conditions, the modification factors are 1.0. Tabulated values are based on No.1/ No.2 grade for dimension lumber (38 to 102 mm in smaller dimension) and No.2 grade for timbers (114 or more in smaller dimension). values are based on ASTM A307 grade steel bolts or dowels. N/A = not applicable.	.	.

1/2″ Bolt or dowel
Single Shear, Northern lumber

Wood Member

Fastener

Thickness
(mm)

Depth
(mm)

No.
of
rows

No. of fasteners in a row

Side,
t₁

Main,
t₂

Side,
d₁

Main,
d₂

102

127

152

102

127

152

2.74(R)

4.11(R)

4.72(f)

4.11(R)

6.17(R)

7.08(f)

140

5.23(G)

6.60(G)

7.97(G)

9.34(G)

9.44(f)

6.60(G)

8.66(G)

10.7(G)

12.8(G)

14.2(f)

140

5.48(R)

8.22(R)

9.44(f)

8.22(R)

11.4(G)

13.4(G)

14.2(f)

184

5.48(R)

8.22(R)

9.44(f)

8.22(R)

12.3(R)

14.2(f)

184

7.72(G)

9.09(G)

10.5(G)

11.8(G)

13.2(G)

9.09(G)

11.1(G)

13.2(G)

15.3(G)

17.3(G)

235

8.22(R)

12.3(R)

14.2(f)

12.3(R)

16.6(G)

18.6(G)

20.7(G)

21.2(f)

286

8.22(R)

12.3(R)

14.2(f)

12.3(R)

18.5(R)

21.2(f)

2.74(R)

4.11(R)

5.48(R)

6.85(R)

7.49(d)

4.11(R)

6.17(R)

8.22(R)

10.3(R)

11.2(d)

140

5.23(G)

6.60(G)

7.97(G)

9.34(G)

10.7(G)

6.60(G)

8.66(G)

10.7(G)

12.8(G)

14.8(G)

140

5.48(R)

8.22(R)

10.7(G)

12.0(G)

13.4(G)

8.22(R)

11.4(G)

13.4(G)

15.5(G)

17.5(G)

184

5.48(R)

8.22(R)

11.0(R)

13.7(R)

15.0(d)

8.22(R)

12.3(R)

16.1(G)

18.2(G)

20.2(G)

184

7.72(G)

9.09(G)

10.5(G)

11.8(G)

13.2(G)

9.09(G)

11.1(G)

13.2(G)

15.3(G)

17.3(G)

235

8.22(R)

12.3(R)

15.9(G)

17.2(G)

18.6(G)

12.3(R)

16.6(G)

18.6(G)

20.7(G)

22.7(G)

286

8.22(R)

12.3(R)

16.4(R)

20.6(R)

22.5(d)

12.3(R)

18.5(R)

24.0(G)

26.1(G)

28.1(G)

140

2.74(R)

4.11(R)

5.48(R)

6.85(R)

7.49(d)

4.11(R)

6.17(R)

8.22(R)

10.3(R)

11.2(d)

140

5.23(G)

6.60(G)

7.97(G)

9.34(G)

10.7(G)

6.60(G)

8.66(G)

10.7(G)

12.8(G)

14.8(G)

140

5.48(R)

8.22(R)

10.7(G)

12.0(G)

13.4(G)

8.22(R)

11.4(G)

13.4(G)

15.5(G)

17.5(G)

140

184

191

5.48(R)

8.22(R)

11.0(R)

13.7(R)

15.0(d)

8.22(R)

12.3(R)

16.1(G)

18.2(G)

20.2(G)

140

184

191

7.72(G)

9.09(G)

10.5(G)

11.8(G)

13.2(G)

9.09(G)

11.1(G)

13.2(G)

15.3(G)

17.3(G)

140

235

241

8.22(R)

12.3(R)

15.9(G)

17.2(G)

18.6(G)

12.3(R)

16.6(G)

18.6(G)

20.7(G)

22.7(G)

140

286

292

8.22(R)

12.3(R)

16.4(R)

20.6(R)

22.5(d)

12.3(R)

18.5(R)

24.0(G)

26.1(G)

28.1(G)

6.42(R)

9.63(R)

10.3(g)

9.63(R)

14.4(R)

15.4(g)

140

12.2(G)

15.5(G)

18.7(G)

20.5(g)

15.5(G)

20.3(G)

25.1(G)

29.9(G)

30.8(g)

140

12.8(R)

19.3(R)

20.5(g)

19.3(R)

26.6(G)

30.8(g)

184

12.8(R)

19.3(R)

20.5(g)

19.3(R)

28.9(R)

30.8(g)

184

18.1(G)

21.3(G)

24.5(G)

27.7(G)

30.8(g)

21.3(G)

26.1(G)

30.9(G)

35.7(G)

40.5(G)

235

19.3(R)

28.9(R)

30.8(g)

28.9(R)

38.8(G)

43.6(G)

46.1(g)

286

19.3(R)

28.9(R)

30.8(g)

28.9(R)

43.3(R)

46.1(g)

140

6.42(R)

9.63(R)

10.3(g)

9.63(R)

14.4(R)

15.4(g)

140

12.2(G)

15.5(G)

18.7(G)

20.5(g)

15.5(G)

20.3(G)

25.1(G)

29.9(G)

30.8(g)

140

12.8(R)

19.3(R)

20.5(g)

19.3(R)

26.6(G)

30.8(g)

140

184

191

12.8(R)

19.3(R)

20.5(g)

19.3(R)

28.9(R)

30.8(g)

140

184

191

18.1(G)

21.3(G)

24.5(G)

27.7(G)

30.8(g)

21.3(G)

26.1(G)

30.9(G)

35.7(G)

40.5(G)

140

235

241

19.3(R)

28.9(R)

30.8(g)

28.9(R)

38.5(G)

43.6(G)

46.1(g)

140

286

292

19.3(R)

28.9(R)

30.8(g)

28.9(R)

43.3(R)

46.1(g)

191

140

6.42(R)

9.63(R)

10.3(g)

9.63(R)

14.4(R)

15.4(g)

191

140

12.2(G)

15.5(G)

18.7(G)

20.5(g)

15.5(G)

20.3(G)

25.1(G)

29.9(G)

30.8(g)

191

140

12.8(R)

19.3(R)

20.5(g)

19.3(R)

26.6(G)

30.8(g)

191

184

191

12.8(R)

19.3(R)

20.5(g)

19.3(R)

28.9(R)

30.8(g)

191

184

191

18.1(G)

21.3(G)

24.5(G)

27.7(G)

30.8(g)

21.3(G)

26.1(G)

30.9(G)

35.7(G)

40.5(G)

191

235

241

19.3(R)

28.9(R)

30.8(g)

28.9(R)

38.8(G)

43.6(G)

46.1(g)

191

286

292

19.3(R)

28.9(R)

30.8(g)

28.9(R)

43.3(R)

46.1(g)

Notes:

The tabulated values are the minimum of yielding, row shear, group tear-out and net tension resistances, and are applicable to tension members. For compression members, the values are conservative when the governing failure mode is indicated as group tear-out or net tension since the resistance is based on yielding and row shear only.
The governing failure mode for each connection configuration is denoted either by lowercase letter (a)-(g), indicating the specific yielding failure mode as per O86 Clause 12.4.4.3.2, or by uppercase letter (R), (G) or (T), indicating failure due to row shear, group tear-out or net tension, respectively.
The minimum loaded end distance, a_L, is the maximum of 50 mm and 5 times the fastener diameter (O86 Clause 12.4.3.1).
For the calculation of group tear-out and net tension resistances, the fastener hole diameter is assumed to be 2 mm larger than the fastener diameter.
The connection resistance P'_r is required to be adjusted to end-use conditions using modification factors depending on the governing failure mode as follows:
- P_r = P'_r (K_D K_SF K_T) for yielding failure mode (a), (b) or (f),
- P_r = P'_r (K_Dy K_SF K_T) for yielding failure mode (d), (e) or (g),
- P_r = P'_r (K_D K_Sv K_T) for row shear,
- P_r = P'_r (K_D K_St K_T) for group tear-out or net tension.
Modification factors are provided in Section 7.4 of the Wood Design Manual 2020. For untreated wood members under standard-term loading and dry service conditions, the modification factors are 1.0.
Tabulated values are based on No.1/ No.2 grade for dimension lumber (38 to 102 mm in smaller dimension) and No.2 grade for timbers (114 or more in smaller dimension).
values are based on ASTM A307 grade steel bolts or dowels.
N/A = not applicable.