1" Bolt or dowelSingle Shear, D. Fir-L lumber

Selection Tables

	1″ Bolt or dowel Single Shear, D. Fir-L lumber
Wood Member	Fastener
Thickness (mm)	Depth (mm)	No. of rows		No. of fasteners in a row
2	3

Side, t₁	Main, t₂	Side, d₁	Main, d₂	102	152	203	254	305	102	152	203	254	305
38	38	140	140	1	N/A	8.01(R)	11.3(f)	11.3(f)	11.3(f)	11.3(f)	12.0(R)	16.9(f)	16.9(f)	16.9(f)	16.9(f)
38	38	235	235	2	76	15.5(G)	19.5(G)	22.6(f)	22.6(f)	22.6(f)	19.5(G)	25.6(G)	31.6(G)	33.9(f)	33.9(f)
38	38	286	286	2	127	16.0(R)	22.6(f)	22.6(f)	22.6(f)	22.6(f)	24.0(R)	33.4(G)	33.9(f)	33.9(f)	33.9(f)
38	89	140	140	1	N/A	8.01(R)	12.0(R)	16.0(R)	18.9(f)	18.9(f)	12.0(R)	18.0(R)	24.0(R)	28.3(f)	28.3(f)
38	89	235	235	2	76	15.5(G)	19.5(G)	23.5(G)	27.6(G)	31.6(G)	19.5(G)	25.6(G)	31.6(G)	37.6(G)	39.3(T)
38	89	286	286	2	127	16.0(R)	24.0(R)	31.4(G)	35.4(G)	37.7(f)	24.0(R)	33.4(G)	39.4(G)	45.4(G)	45.9(T)
38	140	140	140	1	N/A	8.01(R)	12.0(R)	16.0(R)	20.0(R)	24.0(R)	12.0(R)	18.0(R)	24.0(R)	29.0(T)	29.0(T)
38	140	235	241	2	76	15.5(G)	19.5(G)	23.5(G)	27.6(G)	31.6(G)	19.5(G)	25.6(G)	31.6(G)	37.6(G)	39.3(T)
38	140	286	292	2	127	16.0(R)	24.0(R)	31.4(G)	35.4(G)	39.4(G)	24.0(R)	33.4(G)	39.4(G)	45.4(G)	45.9(T)
89	89	140	140	1	N/A	18.8(R)	26.4(f)	26.4(f)	26.4(f)	26.4(f)	28.1(R)	39.7(f)	39.7(f)	39.7(f)	39.7(f)
89	89	235	235	2	76	36.4(G)	45.8(G)	52.9(f)	52.9(f)	52.9(f)	45.8(G)	59.8(G)	73.9(G)	79.3(f)	79.3(f)
89	89	286	286	2	127	37.5(R)	52.9(f)	52.9(f)	52.9(f)	52.9(f)	56.3(R)	78.2(G)	79.3(f)	79.3(f)	79.3(f)
89	140	140	140	1	N/A	18.8(R)	28.1(R)	34.0(f)	34.0(f)	34.0(f)	28.1(R)	42.2(R)	51.0(f)	51.0(f)	51.0(f)
89	140	235	241	2	76	36.4(G)	45.8(G)	55.2(G)	64.5(G)	68.0(f)	45.8(G)	59.8(G)	73.9(G)	85.2(T)	85.2(T)
89	140	286	292	2	127	37.5(R)	56.3(R)	68.0(f)	68.0(f)	68.0(f)	56.3(R)	78.2(G)	92.3(G)	98.6(T)	98.6(T)
89	191	140	140	1	N/A	18.8(R)	28.1(R)	35.7(d)	35.7(d)	35.7(d)	28.1(R)	42.2(R)	53.5(d)	53.5(d)	53.5(d)
89	191	235	241	2	76	36.4(G)	45.8(G)	55.2(G)	64.5(G)	71.3(d)	45.8(G)	59.8(G)	73.9(G)	88.0(G)	92.1(T)
89	191	286	292	2	127	37.5(R)	56.3(R)	71.3(d)	71.3(d)	71.3(d)	56.3(R)	78.2(G)	92.3(G)	106(G)	107(d)

Notes: The tabulated values are the minimum of yielding, row shear, group tear-out and net tension resistances, and are applicable to tension members. For compression members, the values are conservative when the governing failure mode is indicated as group tear-out or net tension since the resistance is based on yielding and row shear only. The governing failure mode for each connection configuration is denoted either by lowercase letter (a)-(g), indicating the specific yielding failure mode as per O86 Clause 12.4.4.3.2, or by uppercase letter (R), (G) or (T), indicating failure due to row shear, group tear-out or net tension, respectively. The minimum loaded end distance, a_L, is the maximum of 50 mm and 5 times the fastener diameter (O86 Clause 12.4.3.1). For the calculation of group tear-out and net tension resistances, the fastener hole diameter is assumed to be 2 mm larger than the fastener diameter. The connection resistance P'_r is required to be adjusted to end-use conditions using modification factors depending on the governing failure mode as follows: P_r = P'_r (K_D K_SF K_T) for yielding failure mode (a), (b) or (f), P_r = P'_r (K_Dy K_SF K_T) for yielding failure mode (d), (e) or (g), P_r = P'_r (K_D K_Sv K_T) for row shear, P_r = P'_r (K_D K_St K_T) for group tear-out or net tension. Modification factors are provided in Section 7.4 of the Wood Design Manual 2020. For untreated wood members under standard-term loading and dry service conditions, the modification factors are 1.0. Tabulated values are based on No.1/ No.2 grade for dimension lumber (38 to 102 mm in smaller dimension) and No.2 grade for timbers (114 or more in smaller dimension). values are based on ASTM A307 grade steel bolts or dowels. N/A = not applicable.	.	.

1″ Bolt or dowel
Single Shear, D. Fir-L lumber

Wood Member

Fastener

Thickness
(mm)

Depth
(mm)

No.
of
rows

No. of fasteners in a row

Side,
t₁

Main,
t₂

Side,
d₁

Main,
d₂

102

152

203

254

305

102

152

203

254

305

140

N/A

8.01(R)

11.3(f)

12.0(R)

16.9(f)

235

15.5(G)

19.5(G)

22.6(f)

19.5(G)

25.6(G)

31.6(G)

33.9(f)

286

127

16.0(R)

22.6(f)

24.0(R)

33.4(G)

33.9(f)

140

N/A

8.01(R)

12.0(R)

16.0(R)

18.9(f)

12.0(R)

18.0(R)

24.0(R)

28.3(f)

235

15.5(G)

19.5(G)

23.5(G)

27.6(G)

31.6(G)

19.5(G)

25.6(G)

31.6(G)

37.6(G)

39.3(T)

286

127

16.0(R)

24.0(R)

31.4(G)

35.4(G)

37.7(f)

24.0(R)

33.4(G)

39.4(G)

45.4(G)

45.9(T)

140

N/A

8.01(R)

12.0(R)

16.0(R)

20.0(R)

24.0(R)

12.0(R)

18.0(R)

24.0(R)

29.0(T)

140

235

241

15.5(G)

19.5(G)

23.5(G)

27.6(G)

31.6(G)

19.5(G)

25.6(G)

31.6(G)

37.6(G)

39.3(T)

140

286

292

127

16.0(R)

24.0(R)

31.4(G)

35.4(G)

39.4(G)

24.0(R)

33.4(G)

39.4(G)

45.4(G)

45.9(T)

140

N/A

18.8(R)

26.4(f)

28.1(R)

39.7(f)

235

36.4(G)

45.8(G)

52.9(f)

45.8(G)

59.8(G)

73.9(G)

79.3(f)

286

127

37.5(R)

52.9(f)

56.3(R)

78.2(G)

79.3(f)

140

N/A

18.8(R)

28.1(R)

34.0(f)

28.1(R)

42.2(R)

51.0(f)

140

235

241

36.4(G)

45.8(G)

55.2(G)

64.5(G)

68.0(f)

45.8(G)

59.8(G)

73.9(G)

85.2(T)

140

286

292

127

37.5(R)

56.3(R)

68.0(f)

56.3(R)

78.2(G)

92.3(G)

98.6(T)

191

140

N/A

18.8(R)

28.1(R)

35.7(d)

28.1(R)

42.2(R)

53.5(d)

191

235

241

36.4(G)

45.8(G)

55.2(G)

64.5(G)

71.3(d)

45.8(G)

59.8(G)

73.9(G)

88.0(G)

92.1(T)

191

286

292

127

37.5(R)

56.3(R)

71.3(d)

56.3(R)

78.2(G)

92.3(G)

106(G)

107(d)

Notes:

The tabulated values are the minimum of yielding, row shear, group tear-out and net tension resistances, and are applicable to tension members. For compression members, the values are conservative when the governing failure mode is indicated as group tear-out or net tension since the resistance is based on yielding and row shear only.
The governing failure mode for each connection configuration is denoted either by lowercase letter (a)-(g), indicating the specific yielding failure mode as per O86 Clause 12.4.4.3.2, or by uppercase letter (R), (G) or (T), indicating failure due to row shear, group tear-out or net tension, respectively.
The minimum loaded end distance, a_L, is the maximum of 50 mm and 5 times the fastener diameter (O86 Clause 12.4.3.1).
For the calculation of group tear-out and net tension resistances, the fastener hole diameter is assumed to be 2 mm larger than the fastener diameter.
The connection resistance P'_r is required to be adjusted to end-use conditions using modification factors depending on the governing failure mode as follows:
- P_r = P'_r (K_D K_SF K_T) for yielding failure mode (a), (b) or (f),
- P_r = P'_r (K_Dy K_SF K_T) for yielding failure mode (d), (e) or (g),
- P_r = P'_r (K_D K_Sv K_T) for row shear,
- P_r = P'_r (K_D K_St K_T) for group tear-out or net tension.
Modification factors are provided in Section 7.4 of the Wood Design Manual 2020. For untreated wood members under standard-term loading and dry service conditions, the modification factors are 1.0.
Tabulated values are based on No.1/ No.2 grade for dimension lumber (38 to 102 mm in smaller dimension) and No.2 grade for timbers (114 or more in smaller dimension).
values are based on ASTM A307 grade steel bolts or dowels.
N/A = not applicable.